West Hempstead Branch
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Side view of West Hempstead Station, from Hempstead Avenue. |
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Overview | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type | Commuter rail | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
System | Long Island Rail Road | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Operational | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locale | Nassau County, New York, USA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Termini | Valley Stream West Hempstead |
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Stations | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Services |
West Hempstead Branch
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Operation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opened | 1893 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Owner | Long Island Rail Road | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operator(s) | Metropolitan Transportation Authority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Track gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrification | 750 Volts (DC) Third rail, since 1926[1] |
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The West Hempstead Branch is an electrified rail line owned and operated by the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) in the U.S. state of New York.
The branch separates from the Main Line just east of Jamaica Station, and runs southeastward to West Hempstead. The line has one track between Westwood station and Hempstead Gardens and two from there to the end of the line in West Hempstead, the southbound or east track being a siding.
Since Valley Stream only has platforms on the Atlantic Branch, which parallels the Montauk Branch to the south, most West Hempstead Branch trains that serve Valley Stream are shuttles that terminate there.[2][3]
As the smallest LIRR commuter branch,[4] West Hempstead was one of the last in the system to modernize. It was the last of the electrified LIRR branches to receive high level platforms, in the early 1970s, and the last of the electrified branches to be fitted with Automatic Train Control (known as Automatic Speed Control by the LIRR), which it received in October 2009 during a system overhaul and upgrade at Valley Interlocking. Nevertheless, the branch is one of the most vulnerable lines and has been threatened with abandonment in recent years.[5] In September 2010, the line lost weekend service[6], except for St. Albans, which is served by trains on the Babylon Branch on weekends. (No trains stop at both St. Albans and Valley Stream.)
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The West Hempstead Branch was the indirect successor to the old South Side Railroad’s Southern Hempstead Branch, which ran a similar route north from Valley Stream to Hempstead, before being torn up in the 1880’s. Built in 1893 by the New York Bay Extension Railroad Co. and merged with the LIRR in 1902, the West Hempstead Branch originally extended beyond its current terminus and through Hempstead. It connected with the current day Hempstead Branch at Country Life Press.[7] From the Country Life Press station, the line had several routings it could take. It could loop west and continue down the Hempstead Branch to Jamaica. Through an elaborate wye system, trains could also loop east and continue down the Central Branch to Babylon (the split between the Hempstead and Central Branches occur just west of Country Life Press). Trains could also head north on the wye and continue all the way north to Mineola and connect with either the Main Line and Oyster Bay Branches.
On October 19, 1926, the entire line was elecrified. The connection to the Oyster Bay Branch was severed in 1928, while the portions of the line between Mineola and Country Life Press and between Country Life Press and West Hempstead were taken out of revenue passenger service in the late 1930’s due to the costly grade crossing elimination improvements imposed upon the LIRR by the Interstate Commerce Commission. Freight trains and non-revenue rerouting trains continued down these portions until the late 1960’s when they were finally torn up. The rights-of-way, however, remain intact.[8]
Station/ location |
Station link |
Miles to Penn Station |
Connections/notes | |
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For continuing service to points west, see City Terminal Zone | ||||
Jamaica Sutphin Boulevard between Archer Avenue & 94th Avenue, Jamaica |
[1] [2] |
11.2 | Subway: E J Z trains at Sutphin Boulevard – Archer Avenue – JFK Airport Bus: Q6, Q8, Q9, Q20A, Q20B, Q24, Q25, Q30, Q31, Q34, Q40, Q41, Q43, Q44, Q60, Q65 AirTrain JFK |
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Saint Albans Linden Boulevard and Montauk Street, Saint Albans |
[3] | 14.0 | New York City Bus: Q4 | |
New York City / Nassau County border | ||||
Valley Stream Franklin Avenue and Sunrise Highway, Valley Stream |
[4] | 18.3 | LIRR: Far Rockaway and Long Beach Branch trains Nassau Inter-County Express: n2 |
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Westwood Foster Avenue and Motley Street, Malverne/Lynbrook |
[5] | 19.7 | Built in 1929, converted into an open covered shelter in 1955. | |
Malverne Hempstead Avenue and Utterby Road, Malverne |
[6] | 20.5 | Nassau Inter-County Express: n31, n32 | |
Lakeview Woodfield Road and Eagle Avenue, Lakeview |
[7] | 21.7 | Nassau Inter-County Express: n15 | |
Hempstead Gardens Hempstead Gardens Drive and Chestnut Street, West Hempstead |
[8] | 22.4 | Nassau Inter-County Express: n15 | |
West Hempstead Hempstead Avenue and Hempstead Gardens Drive, West Hempstead |
[9] | 23.0 | Nassau Inter-County Express: n15, n31, n32 | |
The following stations were on the former connection between West Hempstead and Oyster Bay Branch which was abandoned in 1966 | ||||
Country Life Press St. James Street South, Garden City |
Currently served by the Hempstead Branch | |||
Stewart Avenue Between eastbound and westbound Stewart Avenue, Garden City |
Replaced Hempstead Crossing; 1923, closed May 19, 1926 | |||
Hempstead Crossing North side of westbound Stewart Avenue, Garden City |
opened 1894, closed 1923 | |||
Mineola Front Street & Mineola Boulevard, Mineola |
Connected through a wye until 1928. Currently serves Main Line and Oyster Bay Branch trains |
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